Service usage reporting data transport

ABSTRACT

A reception apparatus, including circuitry configured to receive a broadcast stream including audio/video content and a uniform resource identifier (URI). The circuitry is configured to determine whether a command identifier associated with the URI indicates the URI is a location of a server to which service usage information is to be sent. The circuitry is configured to, when the command identifier indicates the URI is the location of the server to which the service usage information is to be sent, associate the URI with the service provider. The circuitry is configured to provide the service usage information to the server according to the associated URI.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED DOCUMENTS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/458,310 filed Aug. 13, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/800,734, filed Mar. 13, 2013, now patented asU.S. Pat. No. 8,839,338, which is related and claims priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/616,850, filed Mar. 28, 2012, allof which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Thisapplication is related to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos.61/613,869 and 61/613,880 filed Mar. 21, 2012 to Mark Eyer; and U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/452,247 filed Mar. 14, 2011 toMark Eyer. This application is also related to U.S. Provisional patentapplication 61/415,924 filed Nov. 22, 2010 entitled “Service Linkage toCaption Disparity Data Transport” to Mark Eyer, et al.; and U.S.Provisional Patent Applications No.: 61/415,457 filed Nov. 19, 2010entitled “Disparity Data Signaling and Transport for 3D Captioning” toMark Eyer, et al.; 61/346,652 filed May 20, 2010 entitled “DisparityData Transport” to Mark Eyer, et al.; and 61/313,612 filed Mar. 12, 2010to Mark Eyer et al, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/316,733 filed Mar. 23, 2010 entitled “Extended Command Stream forCEA-708 Captions” to Mark Eyer et al., and U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 61/378,792 filed Aug. 31, 2010 entitled “EfficientTransport of Frame-by-Frame Change in Captioning Disparity Data” to MarkEyer; and the application is also related to non-provisional patentapplication Ser. Nos. 13/022,828, 13/022,817 and 13/022,810 which wereeach filed on Feb. 8, 2011. Each of the above applications is herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

Embodiments described herein relate generally to a reception apparatus,information providing apparatus, methods, non-transitorycomputer-readable storage mediums for providing and/or processingreporting service data. More particularly, embodiments of the presentapplication relate generally to reporting service data transported in astandard caption service.

Background

Embodiments of the present disclosure arises out of a need in a full“advanced interactive television” system for a standardized method toenable a broadcaster to gain knowledge of which and how many of itsservice offerings are being consumed. A number of “roadblocks” are wellknown to including identification information along with a televisionbroadcast, including the presence of the HDMI interface between a cableor satellite set-top box (STB) and an interactive television (iTV)receiver.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provideda reception apparatus. The reception apparatus includes a receiver, aparser, and a processor. The receiver receives closed caption servicedata. The closed caption service data includes closed caption datawithin a first service block having a service number in the range of1-6, and service usage reporting data within a second service blockhaving a different service number in the range of 1-6. The closedcaption data includes closed caption text. The parser parses the serviceusage reporting data within the second service block having thedifferent service number in the range of 1-6. The processor providesservice-usage information to a service-usage reporting server (SURS)based on the service usage reporting data.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provideda method of a reception apparatus for processing service usage reportingdata. The method includes receiving, by the reception apparatus, closedcaption service data. The closed caption service data includes closedcaption data within a first service block having a service number in therange of 1-6, and the service usage reporting data within a secondservice block having a different service number in the range of 1-6. Theclosed caption data includes closed caption text. The receptionapparatus parses service usage reporting data within the second serviceblock having the different service number in the range of 1-6. Aprocessor of the reception apparatus provides service-usage informationto a service-usage reporting server (SURS) based on the service usagereporting data.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provideda non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a programwhich when executed by a computer causes the computer to perform themethod of the reception apparatus described above.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is providedan information providing apparatus. The information providing apparatusincludes a closed caption unit and a communication interface. The closedcaption unit generates or receives closed caption service dataassociated with audio/video content. The communication interfaceprovides the audio/video content and the closed caption service data toa reception apparatus. The closed caption service data includes closedcaption data within a first service block having a service number in therange of 1-6, and service usage reporting data within a second serviceblock having a different service number in the range of 1-6. The closedcaption data includes closed caption text.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provideda method of an information providing apparatus for providing serviceusage reporting data. The method includes generating or receiving, bythe information providing apparatus, closed caption service dataassociated with audio/video content. The information providing apparatusprovides the audio/video content and the closed caption service data toa reception apparatus. The closed caption service data includes closedcaption data within a first service block having a service number in therange of 1-6, and the service usage reporting data within a secondservice block having a different service number in the range of 1-6. Theclosed caption data includes closed caption text.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provideda non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a programwhich when executed by a computer causes the computer to perform themethod of the information providing apparatus described above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Certain illustrative embodiments illustrating organization and method ofoperation, together with objects and advantages may be best understoodby reference to the detailed description that follows taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an example of a transmission system consistent with certainembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is an example information providing apparatus consistent withcertain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is an example reception apparatus consistent with certainembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is an example reception apparatus consistent with certainembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is an example implementation block diagram of a receptionapparatus consistent with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is an example implementation of a usage reporting subsystemconsistent with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7A is an example flow chart of a process consistent with certainembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7B is an example flow chart of a process consistent with certainembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 8A-8I are examples of service usage reporting data commandsconsistent with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is an example of available codes in a DTVCC Code Set Mapping inaccordance with CEA-708-D that can be used in certain embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 10 is an example of an event log file consistent with certainembodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many differentforms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described indetail specific embodiments, with the understanding that the presentdisclosure of such embodiments is to be considered as an example of theprinciples and not intended to limit the invention to the specificembodiments shown and described. In the description below, likereference numerals are used to describe the same, similar orcorresponding parts in the several views of the drawings.

The terms “a” or “an”, as used herein, are defined as one or more thanone. The term “plurality”, as used herein, is defined as two or morethan two. The term “another”, as used herein, is defined as at least asecond or more. The terms “including” and/or “having”, as used herein,are defined as comprising (i.e., open language). The term “coupled”, asused herein, is defined as connected, although not necessarily directly,and not necessarily mechanically. The term “program” or “computerprogram” or similar terms, as used herein, is defined as a sequence ofinstructions designed for execution on a computer system. A “program”,or “computer program”, may include a subroutine, a program module, ascript, a function, a procedure, an object method, an objectimplementation, in an executable application, an applet, a servlet, asource code, an object code, a shared library/dynamic load libraryand/or other sequence of instructions designed for execution on acomputer system.

The term “program”, as used herein, may also be used in a second context(the above definition being for the first context). In the secondcontext, the term is used in the sense of a “television program”. Inthis context, the term is used to mean any coherent sequence of audiovideo content such as those which would be interpreted as and reportedin an electronic program guide (EPG) as a single television program,without regard for whether the content is a movie, sporting event,segment of a multi-part series, news broadcast, etc. The term may alsobe interpreted to encompass commercial spots and other program-likecontent which may not be reported as a program in an electronic programguide.

Reference throughout this document to “one embodiment”, “certainembodiments”, “an embodiment”, “an implementation”, “an example” orsimilar terms means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, theappearances of such phrases or in various places throughout thisspecification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics maybe combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments withoutlimitation.

The term “or” as used herein is to be interpreted as an inclusive ormeaning any one or any combination. Therefore, “A, B or C” means “any ofthe following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C”. Anexception to this definition will occur only when a combination ofelements, functions, steps or acts are in some way inherently mutuallyexclusive.

An interactive television system can be implemented using a combinationof a “compact trigger” and a number of data tables including a TriggerParameters Table (TPT) made available via a web-based server.Embodiments of the compact trigger identify the location of theweb-based server, and can perform a number of other functions includinga) establish the media time (current time within a program segment); b)identify an event, by reference to a TPT, that should be executed now orat a given time into the future; or c) simply provide the location ofthe Internet-based table(s) for purpose of pre-loading the content.

The compact trigger and TPT method for adding interactive elements to aprogram segment requires that the receiving device have access to thecompact trigger. An automatic content recognition (ACR) system canidentify sampled audio/video and return the compact trigger plus mediatime. Compact triggers can be delivered within the broadcast (orfile-based) content as well. As disclosed in U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/613,869, the compact trigger can be carried withinthe digital closed caption stream, within a CEA-708 variable-lengthcommand carried in Service #6.

The method of transport and an iTV receiver's ability to access thecompact trigger are important aspects of the system design. The specificconsiderations at play involve the processing and manipulation steps thecontent undergoes as it traverses from the point of origin through thedistribution chain, ultimately reaching the consumer's iTV receiver. Forexample, a Multi-channel Video Programming Distributor (MVPD) willtypically remove any extraneous Elementary Streams from the multiplexbefore delivering it to the consumer's home. If the audio and video aredelivered in uncompressed format (e.g. via HDMI), all aspects of themultiplex are unavailable. However, the audio and video may be conveyedin compressed form from a consumer electronics device (e.g., a cableoperator's set-top box) via Internet Protocol (IP) protocols usingDigital Living Network Alliance (DLNA profiles) and methods. In thiscase, the compressed audio and video packets are delivered intact to theiTV receiver.

Although, the caption data stream does not make it across the currentHDMI interface, a “partial” TS can be accessed by means of methodsspecified by DLNA protocols. In another embodiment, if the HDMIinterface is modified to carry the caption data stream, the partial TScan be accessed from the HDMI interface instead of using the DLNAmethods.

For example, in some cases, the full MPEG-2 Transport Stream, or aportion of the full broadcast multiplex at least containing the audioand video portions, will be available at the iTV receiver. In suchcases, due to reprocessing at the cable/satellite plant, some adjunctdata may be stripped out. Accordingly, even if Adjunct data wereconfigured to include service usage reporting data, the service usagereporting data would not necessarily be received by the iTV receiver.Further, examples of data that may not pass through the MVPD'sdistribution plant include extra descriptors in the PMT and extraElementary Stream components. However, when at least some portion of theprogram is delivered in compressed form, the MPEG or AVC compressedvideo packets will be available. These packets contain the closedcaption data stream.

Some examples of cases where compressed video is available are when thereceiver accesses the Transport Stream directly from an 8-VSB, QAM orMobile DTV tuner, or when it has home network access to acable/satellite/IPTV set-top box that supports DLNA protocols and offersa compressed video stream on the network interface.

The FCC has ruled that, after the end of 2012, digital cable set topboxes in the U.S. must support network interfaces allowing devices onthe network to access compressed audio/video for decoding and recording.DLNA protocols are being finalized for this purpose. This method affordsa new path for delivery of compressed video including closed captioningand, service usage reporting data.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a method for delivery ofservice usage reporting data such as the identity of a broadcaster'sservice-usage reporting server (SURS) whereby the URL of the SURS isconveyed within a variable-length command carried in Service #6 of thedigital closed captioning stream. In addition, methods are described tosignal the identity of the broadcaster originating a program by, forexample, means of the broadcaster's Transport Signal ID (TSID) and/orother identification information such as Major/Minor Channel numbers.These are useful for certain applications where the identity of theoriginal broadcaster must be known with certainty.

As noted above, the full “advanced interactive television” systemrequires a standardized method to enable a broadcaster to gain knowledgeof which and how many of its service offerings are being consumed. Amethod can be standardized for receivers to collect and maintain recordsof usage events, such as the date and time the user tuned to or away thebroadcaster's content, or the date and time the user chose to downloador play back a certain item of non-real time (NRT) content offered bythat broadcaster. Some embodiments of the usage events and the reportingthereof are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2011/0243536 filed Jan. 5, 2011 to Mark Eyer, which is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety. The receiver must be able to knowthe location to where a given set of usage records should be delivered.For example, the receiver must be able to determine, for any given itemof content, the identity of the broadcaster as well as the Internetserver that will collect the usage information (the location of theSURS).

ACR systems are well-suited to determining the identity of a particularpiece of content, but not well suited to identifying exactly within whatbroadcaster's signal the content was received. Given some otherinformation, such as the receiver's location, better guesses can bemade. Even then, in some instances, the same program can be receivablefrom multiple broadcasting sources. In some locations for example, onereceiver can access a program from an NBC affiliate in one nearby citywhile at the same time being able to access, by tuning to a differentchannel, the same program from a different NBC affiliate in a differentnearby town.

Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method tounambiguously identify the identity of the broadcaster's SURS. Themethod survives the distribution chain and is usable using a variety ofdistribution methods. Further, the method addresses problems including:

1. ACR systems have difficulty providing a reliable indication of theidentity of the broadcaster who is providing the content beingidentified.

2. Advanced television receivers need to know where to deliver serviceusage reports (e.g. Internet location of broadcaster's usage reportingserver).

3. Receivers do not always have access to the original completeTransport Stream, so for example the original program-specificinformation (PSI) and Program and System Information Protocol (PSIP)tables are not accessible or available. The PSIP standard is ATSC A/65.Case in point: the service is received via a cable or satellitedistribution system.

4. Injection of the location of the SURS can require development of newdata paths in the distribution chain and hence lead to undue complexityin implementation.

Methods for addressing the above-described problems include:

1. Requiring access to the full broadcast Transport Stream (not alwayspossible).

2. Requiring an ACR system to derive the necessary SURS locator (awkwardand unreliable).

3. Deliver the SURS locator and identity of the broadcast stream in aconvenient way that will be likely to survive the distribution path tothe iTV receiver.

Certain embodiments of the present disclosure offer an approach alignedwith method “c.”

Specifically, in one embodiment, the present disclosure proposes todeliver the URI, or URL, of the SURS in a variable-length CEA-708advanced captioning command, and transport that command in standardcaption Service #6. An example of safely transporting other variable-and fixed-length data in Service #6 is described in for example U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/613,869. The concept of “safely”here refers to the method's compatibility with existing (legacy)decoders which will encounter the modified caption stream. A “safe”method is one which creates no, or little, adverse effects in existingreceivers. Embodiments of the present disclosure recognize theadvantages of including the location of the SURS in the non-captioningdata that can be delivered usefully via that method.

Delivery of the SURS location in Service #6 of the closed caption streamallows the SURS locator to travel within the compressed video packetsalongside the regular closed caption data. Thus, whenever a receiver hasaccess to compressed video, it will be able to access the location ofthe SURS. Thus, in the case where only a partial Transport Stream isavailable (only the audio and video packets are included in themultiplex) the location of the SURS can still be known.

Use of the DTV caption channel for transport means that no newinterfaces or data paths need to be developed in the distributionarchitecture. Thus, injecting service usage reporting data such as theSURS locator is convenient and offers a low-complexity solution. Incases where the SURS location can be found by processing caption Service#6, the need to derive this data item via a complex interaction with theACR server is eliminated. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the receiverfirst attempts to determine the SURS location from a caption servicebefore attempting to determine the SURS location using another methodsuch as via the complex interaction with the ACR server.

Embodiments of the present disclosure utilize the caption data transportto deliver one or a combination of non-closed caption data such asservice usage reporting data for those cases in which compressed videois available to the iTV receiver or the caption data transport isotherwise available to the receiver. The service usage reporting data,in some embodiments, includes one or a combination of informationidentifying a location of a broadcaster's or other entity'sservice-usage reporting server (SURS), information identifying thebroadcaster or other source that originated the associated content, anda content identifier.

In one embodiment, the information identifying the location of the SURSis a URL and the information identifying the originating broadcaster isany one or more of a broadcaster transport signal identifier (TSID), abroadcaster major channel number, and a broadcaster minor channelnumber. The broadcast TSID is typically unique to a specific broadcaststation. The content identifier could correspond to a time stamp or aunique program identifier.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary transmission system 100 for providingservice usage reporting data. The transmission system 100 includes acaptioning facility 110, production facility 120, and one or morebroadcasters such as broadcaster A 160 a and broadcaster B 160 b. It isnoted that although illustrated as separate entities, any combination ofthe captioning facility 110, production facility 120, and one or morebroadcasters such as broadcaster A 160 a and broadcaster B 160 b can becombined into a single facility or entity.

The captioning facility 110 includes a CEA-608/708 caption generator112. However, the caption generator 112 can be configured to onlysupport one of CEA-608/708 or any other closed caption standard. In oneembodiment, the CEA-608/708 caption generator 112 receives closedcaption data from a captioner 114. The closed caption data can beentered by a person via a closed caption terminal in real-time or via aspeech recognition system. The CEA-608/708 caption generator 112generates at least one caption data packet (CDP) 116 based on thereceived closed caption data and provides the CDP 116 to the productionfacility 120.

The production facility 120 receives the CDP 116 and optionally combinesthe CDP with interactive content such as a short (compact) trigger 124using an interactive content generator 122 to generate at least onecombined CDP 128. In one embodiment, the interactive content data isprovided to the Interactive Content Generator 122 manually, by manualoperation via an interactive content terminal by a person, orautomatically, via a predetermined schedule provided for the interactivecontent data.

The CDP 128 is provided to an encoder/multiplexer 130 for encodingand/or multiplexing with content (e.g., a television program oradvertisement) associated with the closed caption data contained in theCDP 128. For example, the CDP 128 receives the content from theproduction unit 132. The production unit 132 receives live content froma studio or pre-authored content from a local or remotely locatedstorage medium. The encoder/multiplexer 130 then provides the CDP 128and associated content to the broadcaster A 160 a and broadcaster B 160b via a distribution network 134. The distribution network 134 includesone or a combination terrestrial transmission towers, a satellitenetwork, data network such as the Internet, or the like.

In the case of pre-authored content, the CDP 116 is typically createdoffline. In such a case, the CDP 116 is stored locally at or remotelyfrom the production facility 120. In such a case, the interactivecontent generator 122 receives the CDP 116 from the local or remotestorage device as opposed to the captioning facility 110. Further, inanother embodiment, the CDP 128, which includes both the interactivecontent and the closed caption data are generated offline. In thisembodiment, the interactive content generator 122 would retrieve theappropriate CDP 128 to be combined with the associated content by theencoder/multiplexer 130 at the appropriate time.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, in one embodiment, the caption stream derivedfrom incoming content includes one or a combination of the captioningfor the content and a short trigger, which has been added by theinteractive content generator 122 at the production facility 120.However, the caption stream can include any one or a combination ofdifferent information in addition, or as an alternative, to thecaptioning for the content and/or the short trigger.

Captions flow through the distribution chain as the content isdistributed to various network affiliates (e.g., broadcasters). At agiven broadcaster (e.g., Broadcaster A 160 a), the distribution streamis decoded/demultiplexed by a demultiplex/decode unit 162 a and the CDP128 is fed to a new function in the station called a non-caption datainjection unit 164 a. The non-caption data injection unit 164 a isconfigured to inject non-caption data such as service usage reportingdata into the caption stream at random or predetermined time intervals.For example, at Broadcaster A 160 a, the location of Broadcaster A'sSURS is injected into an Adjunct Data service portion of the captionstream as a variable length command in Service #6. Further, in oneembodiment, the Major and/or Minor channel number associated with theprogram is injected into the Adjunct Data service portion of the captionstream. However, other service numbers and/or commands can be used tofor the non-closed caption data such as the service usage reportingdata, including the SURS location. The modified CDP 166 a is thenmultiplexed in by the re-multiplex/re-encode unit 170 a when the programis re-encoded for transmission via for example transmitter 180 a. There-multiplex/re-encode unit 170 a can also include other content 168 asuch as transport stream information, additional content streams, andthe like to be transmitted with the content.

A similar process is performed by Broadcaster B 160 b using ademultiplex/decode unit 162 b, non-caption data injection unit 166 b,re-multiplex/re-encode unit 170 b, and transmitter 180 b. Similar toBroadcaster A 160 a, the Broadcaster B 160 b could also include othercontent 168 b and a modified CDP 166 b along with the content to betransmitted. It should be noted that the CDP 166 b and CDP 166 a eachcarry a different TSID that is uniquely associated with the originalbroadcaster.

Note that FIG. 1 is a considerable simplification for purposes ofillustration. Often, the distribution is by means of file transfers, andthe remultiplexing operation may involve file format conversions or thelike. Any content that is being readied for playout can be re-processedto add the SURS locators.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a basic diagram of an information providingapparatus is depicted. In one embodiment, the information providingapparatus is a service provider such as a broadcaster. Generallyspeaking, a single service provider may provide multiple programs overone or more transport streams. Each of the multiple programs would beassociated with the same broadcaster TSID. Accordingly, in someembodiments, additional information such as major and/or minor channelnumbers are associated with the program to help distinguish whichparticular service of the broadcaster was actually consumed. Forexample, a transport stream can include content programming for bothchannel 5 and channel 6. The major channel number could be used todistinguish which channel's content programming is actually beingconsumed by the viewer. The audio, video, and caption data are providedto an encoder which encodes the data into packets suitable fordistribution, including caption data packets as described above. Asshown, Program A and Program B are encoded by encoders 202 and 204 whichare then provided to a transport stream multiplexer 210 which thenprovides an output that can be distributed via a physical channel mediumsuch as a terrestrial, cable, or satellite broadcast.

This encoded data from the physical channel is received at a receptionapparatus (e.g., iTV receiver) as depicted in FIG. 3. In one embodiment,the reception apparatus is a television receiver device (e.g., atelevision or a set top box). The transport stream is demultiplexed attransport stream demultiplexer 304 to produce one or more programstreams including audio, video, and caption data (as well as possiblyother data not shown). Video packets from Program A are passed fromdemultiplexer 304 to video parser 308. Audio packets from Program A arepassed from demultiplexer 304 to audio decoder 312 which in turnproduces the audio output. Video parser 308 extracts video packets fromthe video stream and passes them to video decoder 314. Video parser 308extracts user data from the video stream and passes it to user dataparser 310. User data parser 310 extracts closed captioning data fromwithin user data packets and passes it to caption processor 316. Withinthe caption processor 316, caption service blocks containing data forcaption services other than the one of interest are filtered out anddiscarded.

In one embodiment, the caption processor 316 processes caption serviceblocks corresponding to the Adjunct Data service whenever service usagereporting data is available or continuously processes the captionservice blocks to determine the availability of the service usagereporting data. The caption processor 316 outputs the service usagereporting data to an appropriate component such as the CPU 438,illustrated in FIG. 4. The caption graphics are composited at compositor320 with the video data.

A reception apparatus 400 is depicted in greater detail in FIG. 4wherein content is received via any suitable source such as terrestrialbroadcast, cable, or satellite at a reception apparatus 400'stuner/demodulator 402. In one embodiment, the content is received over ahome network 480 via, for example, network interface 426. One or moreconsumer electronic devices (e.g., a set top box) are connected to thehome network 480. In one embodiment, the home network 480 is confined toa single household. However, the home network 480 can be extended tocover a larger network such as each unit in an apartment building. Thecontent is received over the home network from, for example, acable/satellite/IPTV set-top box that supports DLNA protocols and offersa compressed video stream via a network interface. The transport streamfrom the tuner/demodulator 402 is demultiplexed at demultiplexer 406into audio and video streams. The audio is decoded at an audio decoder410 while the video is decoded at a video decoder 414. Uncompressed A/Vdata may also be received via an uncompressed A/V interface 418 that canbe selectively utilized.

A/V content may also be received via the Internet 422 via the networkinterface 426 for IP television content decoding. In one embodiment, thenetwork interface 426 connects to the Internet 422 using a separateconnection from the home network 480. In another embodiment, the networkinterface 426 connects to the Internet 422 via the home network 480.Additionally, storage 430 can be provided for NRT stored content. TheNRT content can be played by demultiplexing by the demultiplexer 406 ina manner similar to that of other sources of content. The receptionapparatus 400 generally operates under control of a processor such asCPU 438 which is interconnected to working memory 440 and program memory442 as well as a graphics subsystem 444 via one or more buses such as450.

The CPU 438 receives closed caption data from the demultiplexer 406 aswell as the service usage reporting data via the mechanism describedherein. The closed caption information is passed to the graphicssubsystem 444 and the images are composited at the compositor 460 toproduce an output suitable for processing and display on a videodisplay. In one embodiment, when the content is received via the networkinterface 426, the CPU 438 also receives the closed caption data fromthe network interface 426. In one embodiment, the service report usagedata is used by the CPU 438 to report usage information. The usageinformation is, for example, reported via the network interface 426.

Referring now to FIG. 5, an example television receiver system isdepicted. In one embodiment, the reception apparatus incorporates thetelevision receiver system. In this system, CPU 538 receives thedemultiplexed digital television stream from the demultiplexer 506containing Standard service numbers within the range of 1-6. A parser504 parses out the closed caption data and provides it to a closedcaption data decoder 508. Further, the parser 504 provides non-closedcaption data such as the service usage reporting data to the AdjunctService processing unit 512. The Adjunct Service processing unit 512extracts the service usage reporting data and provides the data to areporting service subsystem 520. The parser 504 also parses other datato be processed by another data processing unit 506. Depending on theembodiment, the reporting service subsystem 520 can be implementedentirely, partially, and independently to/from the CPU 538. The graphicssubsystem 544 and compositor 560 are similar to the graphics subsystem444 and compositor 460 described above.

Referring now to FIG. 6, a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment ofthe reporting service subsystem 520 is shown. In one embodiment, thereporting service subsystem 520 operates in concert with an eventrecording logic 690 for the reporting of usage of advanced services. Inone embodiment, the event recording logic is a built-in television, settop box, or other consumer electronics device function and is programmedto collect usage records on events such as the time tuned to a station,time tuned away from the station, whether a viewer chose to download NRTcontent, whether the viewer played the NRT content, deleting of the NRTcontent, and other linear TV and NRT usage. Herein, processing logic 650comprises a usage reporting unit 620. Upon the television receiversystem tuning to channel 1, the event recording logic 690 recordsinformation associated with the usage of advanced services as content istransmitted via channel 1. Such usage information describes one or moreevents that were detected by the event recording logic 690 and storedaccordingly in internal memory 670.

More specifically, during execution, the event recording logic 690detects a storage location of usage information 630 associated withchannel 1 (service provider). This storage location may be identified byeither (i) a unique filename associated with selected channel (orservice provider) or (ii) a specific address reserved for usageinformation associated with the channel (or service provider).Thereafter, the usage reporting unit 620 is adapted to recover usageinformation 630 from “M” event log files 630-1 through 630-M andtransmit the same over a network connection 640 to a SURS designated inthe service usage reporting data associated with channel 1.

Thereafter, upon the television receiver system tuning to channel 2, theevent recording logic records information associated with the usage ofadvanced services while tuned to channel 2. Such usage information 632is extracted from event log files associated with events detected byevent recording logic 690. In one embodiment, the events recorded by theevent recording logic 690 can be recorded along with event usageinformation recorded by one or more triggered declarative objects asdescribed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0243536, filedJan. 5, 2011, to Mark Eyer.

The usage reporting unit 620 detects a storage location (e.g., file,address, etc.) of usage information 632 associated with channel 2 (orservice provider). Thereafter, the usage reporting unit 620 is adaptedto recover usage information 632 and route the same over networkconnection 640 to an SERS designated in the service usage reporting dataassociated with channel 2. Similar processes apply to usage information634.

A TDO is a downloadable software object created by a content provider,content creator, or service provider, which includes declarative content(e.g., text, graphics, descriptive markup, scripts, and/or audio) whosefunction is tied in some way to the content it accompanies. Anembodiment of the TDO is described in U.S. application Ser. No.12/959,529 filed Dec. 3, 2010 entitled “Announcement of TriggeredDeclarative Objects” to Blanchard et al. which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety. However, the TDO is not limited to thestructure described in Blanchard et al. since many attributes definedtherein as being a part of a TDO could be situated in a trigger or viceversa or not present at all depending upon the function and triggeringof a particular TDO.

The TDO is generally considered as “declarative” content to distinguishit from “executable” content such as a Java applet or an applicationthat runs on an operating system platform. Although the TDO is usuallyconsidered to be a declarative object, a TDO player supports a scriptinglanguage that is an object-oriented programming language. The TDOs aretypically received from a content or service provider in advance of thetime they are executed, so that the TDO is available when needed.Moreover, an explicit trigger signal may not be necessary and a TDO maybe self-triggering or triggered by some action other than receipt of atrigger signal. Various standards bodies may define associatedbehaviors, appearances, trigger actions, and transport methods forcontent and metadata for a TDO. Additionally, requirements regardingtiming accuracy of TDO behaviors relative to audio/video may be definedby standards bodies.

Referring now to FIG. 7A, an example method of processing service usagereporting data is depicted in flow chart 700. In one embodiment, theprocessing is performed by a reception apparatus. The process begins atstep 704 where closed caption data including closed caption text isreceived within a first Standard service block having a service numberin the range of 1-6. At step 706, service usage reporting data isreceived within a second Standard service block having a service numberequal to 6. In one embodiment, the reception apparatus receives closedcaption service data that includes both the closed caption data and thenon-closed caption data. For example, the closed caption service datamay be provided to the reception apparatus in a closed caption transportstream.

In general, the Standard service used for the service usage reportingdata could be any of service numbers n between 1 and 6, but since it isrelatively rare for more than the first few of the service numbers to beused for caption data, service number 6 is preferred. Further, in someembodiments, service usage reporting data is transported in a Standardservice block having a service number in the range of 1-6 (e.g., servicenumber 6), alongside actual closed caption data. In one embodiment, thereception apparatus distinguishes between the closed caption data andthe service reporting usage service data by means of command codes, asdescribed above.

At step 708, the reception apparatus parses (e.g., in a parsing computerprocess module) the service reporting usage data from the secondstandard service block having a service number 6 (or n). The receptionapparatus stores the service reporting usage data in a memory andreports and generates usage information based on the stored data. In oneembodiment, the service usage reporting data include parameters thatidentify the type of usage information to be reported to the SURS, thetiming of the usage reporting, or the like.

The service reporting usage data is then processed at step 710 (e.g., inanother processor operation) to perform usage reporting based on theparsed service reporting usage data.

FIG. 7B illustrates an exemplary method 700 of providing service usagereporting data. In one embodiment, the method is performed by aninformation providing apparatus associated with, for example,broadcaster A 160 a to provide the service usage reporting data to areception apparatus. The process begins at step 702 at which time theinformation providing apparatus generates or receives closed captionservice data associated with content to be provided to the receptionapparatus. In step 704, the information providing apparatus provides thecontent (e.g., A/V content) and closed caption service data to thereception apparatus. The closed caption service data, in one embodiment,includes closed caption data and service usage reporting data and/orother non-closed caption data. The closed caption data defines closedcaption text associated with the content.

FIGS. 8A-8I illustrate examples of the commands used to transportservice usage reporting data (also referred to as reporting servicedata), in the closed caption stream. In one embodiment, the serviceusage reporting data includes a SURS Locator, which is a variable-lengthcommand delivered in the C3 code set as defined in CEA-708. An exemplaryformat of the SURS Locator is as follows:

<domain_name>/<name/directory space>?<optional parameters>.

In the exemplary format, domain_name refers to the domain nameregistered to the broadcaster originating the associated content oranother entity designated to receive a service usage report. Thename/directory space is managed by the domain owner and identifies aserver/directory where the service usage report is to be stored. Theoptional parameters identify any additional information associated withthe service usage reporting services such as a content identifier.Examples of the SURS Locator are as follows:

broadcasterA.tv/7a1; and

broadcasterA.tv?7a1″content_id=529.

Other optional parameters could include a type that is interpreted bythe SURS. Such a parameter could control what the SURS will do with theservice usage report. For example, the SURS could perform a differentfunction based on who is reporting the service usage information. Inanother example, a service usage report for a program that aired onTuesday at 8 pm could be processed differently than a program watched at2 pm on the next day, even if the URL of the SURS remains the same.

Further, in one embodiment, a different SURS could be designated fordifferent content. For example, a location of the SURS of thebroadcaster could be provided along with a television program, while alocation of the SURS of one or more advertisers is provided along withadvertisements. Other parameters include validity, timing of reporting,and the like.

As specified in CEA-708-D Section 7.1.11.2, variable-length commands areindicated by the EXT1 character followed by a number in the range 0x90to 0x9F, where the “0x” notation denotes a number represented inhexadecimal format. In the command formats depicted in FIG. 8A, the EXT1character (0x10) is followed by 0x99. In this context, 0x99 is thecommand identifier for the SURSLocator command. In accordance with thesyntax defined in CEA-708-D Section 7.1.11.2, the next byte contains atwo-bit Type field, a zero bit, followed by a 5-bit length field asillustrated in FIG. 8B, for example.

The SURS_locator( ) data structure follows the byte containing thelength field. The syntax of one example of the SURS locator data isdepicted in pseudocode in the table illustrated in FIG. 8C. In FIG. 8C,locator_type is a 4-bit unsigned integer that shall indicate the type oflocator to follow. In one embodiment, only type 0 locators are defined.Further, the value of locator type is set to 0 in one embodiment.Receivers are expected to disregard instances of the SURSLocator commandindicating locators of any other (unrecognized) type. Further,URL_character is an 8-bit ASCII character whose value is restricted tothose allowed for Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) by RFC 2396. Inone embodiment, the character string formed by the URL delivered in theSURS_locator shall be a valid URI per RFC 2396.

Further, there are a variety of other ways the variable-length SURS URLcan be delivered in Service #6, although in each case, a CEA-708variable-length command would typically be used. This command is in theC3 code space and is identified by a command code sequence of EXT1 (codevalue 0x10) followed by a number in the range 0x90 to 0x9F. Of course,another service number, code set (e.g., if a fixed-length SURS URL orrepresentation is used), or code can be used to deliver the SURS URL.

In one embodiment the SURS URL is delivered in the same command that wasproposed for the iTV Trigger in U.S. Provisional Application No.61/613,869, by using a value other than zero for the type (e.g.,trigger_type). For example, using that command code (EXT1-0x98), a valueof 1 for type could indicate the included URL is a SURS locator.

In some embodiments, the EXT1+0x90-9F command sequence is used for the“variable-length” command. In other embodiments, other multi-byte (i.e.,not variable-length) commands can be used as well, for example inservice number 6. It should be noted that any of the command codes thatare not defined in CEA-708 (set aside for expansion) are usable inservice number 6 or any other service numbers.

FIG. 8D illustrates an embodiment in which the service usage reportingdata includes a Broadcaster TSID, which is command delivered in the C0code set as defined in CEA-708. The Broadcaster TSID command, in thisembodiment, is a three-byte code, which contains a command code followedby two data bytes as illustrated in FIG. 8E, for example. As specifiedin CEA-708-D Section 7.1.4, the C0 code set contains 32 addressablecodes from 0x00 to 0x1F. Of these addressable codes, unused codes from0x18 to 0x1F are of a fixed-length having three bytes. In oneembodiment, any one of these unused codes (e.g., 0x19) is used to conveythe broadcast TSID.

FIG. 8F illustrates an embodiment in which the service usage reportingdata includes a broadcaster major channel number, which is a commanddelivered in the C0 code set as defined in CEA-708. The broadcastermajor channel number, in this embodiment, is a three-byte code, whichcontains a command code followed by two data byes as illustrated in FIG.8G, for example.

As specified in CEA-708-D Section 7.1.4, the C0 code set contains 32addressable codes from 0x00 to 0x1F. Of these addressable codes, unusedcodes from 0x18 to 0x1F are of a fixed-length having three bytes. In oneembodiment, any one of these unused codes (e.g., 0x1A) is used to conveythe broadcast TSID.

FIG. 8H illustrates an embodiment in which the service usage reportingdata includes a broadcaster minor channel number, which is a commanddelivered in the C0 code set as defined in CEA-708. The broadcasterminor channel number, in this embodiment, is a three-byte code, whichcontains a command code followed by two data byes as illustrated in FIG.8I, for example.

As specified in CEA-708-D Section 7.1.4, the C0 code set contains 32addressable codes from 0x00 to 0x1F. Of these addressable codes, unusedcodes from 0x18 to 0x1F are of a fixed-length having three bytes. In oneembodiment, any one of these unused codes (e.g., 0x1B) is used to conveythe broadcast TSID.

Although, each of the exemplary service usage reporting data isdescribed as being included using certain code sets and codes specifiedin the CEA-708-D and variable- or fixed-length commands, it should benoted that the identified codes sets and codes are exemplary only.Specifically, any unused codes sets or codes can be used to convey anyone or more of the service usage reporting data, as illustrated in FIG.9 for example. Further, in other embodiments, variable- or fixed-lengthcommands can be used for any of the service usage reporting data.Moreover, a plurality of the service usage reporting data can beconveyed using the same code set and code.

Referring to FIG. 10, a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of anevent log file 1000 (e.g., log file 630-1) that comprises a plurality ofattributes is shown. Herein, according to one embodiment, event log file1000 includes one or a combination of a broadcaster transport stream IDattribute 1020, an additional information attribute 1030 (e.g., timinginformation), a broadcaster channel number attribute 1040 (e.g., majorand/or minor channel numbers), a content identifier attribute 1050, andone or more event type attributes 1060 along with optional eventinformation that may provide additional information concerning theparticular event type.

The broadcaster transport stream ID attribute 1020 is used to identifythe originating broadcaster of the content being played back during thedetected event. In one embodiment, the broadcaster transport stream IDattribute 1020 is populated according to the broadcaster TSID carried inthe closed caption stream, as described above.

The additional information attribute 1030 can be configured to includeany other information of interest to the broadcaster or another entity.In one embodiment, the additional information attribute 1030 includes anindication of whether the content was received via a rebroadcast. Forexample, the additional information attribute 1030 could store the TSIDof a received broadcast and/or channel number on which the content isreceived. The broadcaster or other entity could determine whether thecontent was received via a rebroadcast based on a comparison of whetherthe TSID and/or channel numbers match that of the originator of thecontent. Alternatively, the determination can be made at the receiverand the result of the determination included in the additionalinformation attribute 1030.

Further, the additional information attribute 1030 can include timingattribute is used to provide timing as to when the event occurred. Forinstance, timing attribute may provide a date, and time of day (hour,minute, second). According to another embodiment of the presentdisclosure, timing attribute 1030 may provide a relative time from astart time of playback of the content. For instance, for an event thatoccurs at 14:15:06 during a broadcast of a thirty (30) minute programstarting at 14:00:00, timing attribute 430 may be a value representing00:15:06.

The broadcaster channel number attribute 1040 identifies the majorand/or minor channel associated with the content being played back atthe time of the event. In one embodiment, the channel number attribute1040 is populated according to the broadcaster major and/or minorchannels carried in the closed caption stream, as described above.

The content identifier attribute 1050 identifies the content beingreceived by the reception apparatus at the time the event occurs. In oneembodiment, the content identifier attribute 1050 is populated with acontent identifier carried in the closed caption stream, as describedabove. In another embodiment, the content identifier can be obtained byproviding a sample of the received content to an automatic contentrecognition (ACR) system via, for example, the Internet. The ACR systemanalyzes the sample provided by the reception apparatus and provides theassociated content identifier to the reception apparatus.

As shown in detail in FIG. 10, event type attribute 1060 identifies theevent represented by event log file 1000. There are multiple types ofevents that may be detected and reported back to the service provider.For instance, the events may include, but are not limited or restrictedto the following operations performed by electronic device:

1) Type-1: Tuned to the channel in question;

2) Type-2: Tuned away from the channel in question;

3) Type-3: Paused playback of the real-time content;

4) Type-4: Continued playback of the real-time content;

5) Type-5: Fast-forward the real-time content;

6) Type-6: Selection of NRT content;

7) Type-7: Playback of the NRT content;

8) Type-8: Paused playback of the NRT content;

9) Type-9: Fast-forward of the NRT content;

10) Type-10: Continued playback of the NRT content;

11) Type-11: Loss of downloaded content that may be used for comparisonwith other end users in the same vicinity to determine equipmentperformance issues—equipment that needs repair or adjustment to addresssignal strength (or lack of signal) issues; and

12) Type-12: Reduction of signal quality below preset threshold to alsodetermine equipment performance issues specific to the end user.

According with event log file 1000 illustrated in FIG. 10, timing andevent type attributes 1030 and 1060 may collectively identify a time atwhich an end user tuned to a channel associated with event log file1000. Similarly, timing and event type attributes 1030 and 1060 maycollectively identify a time at which an end user tuned away from theprescribed channel or conducted user display controls (pause, resume,playback, and forward) of content being downloaded when the eventoccurred. In one embodiment, the files are tagged and placed in separatedirectories for each broadcaster. Further, the event log file 1000, inone embodiment, can be used to report whether a viewer watched all threeadvertisements during a commercial break and the specific productadvertised. Such a determination can be made for example, based on theservice usage reporting data by determining whether the SURS identifierwith a content id is received for each one of the advertisements. Insuch a case, the frequency of transmission of the service usagereporting data is determined based on the level of usage detail requiredby the broadcaster or advertiser.

As described above, the CEA standard for advanced captioning, CEA-708,included a number of provisions intended to allow future extensions tothe standard to be made. Using one of these extensions for the additionof service reporting data would seem to be a logical choice, howeverimplementations of CEA-708 caption decoders have been found to bedeficient with respect to the way they handle some of these extensions.The CEA-708 standard has been found to be unclear or confusing in someareas, a fact that contributes to implementation errors or omissions.

Certain embodiments of the present disclosure minimize the possibilitythat legacy decoders are adversely affected by the presence of serviceusage reporting data in the captioning stream. As described above, amethod described herein involves delivering the service usage reportingdata within a separate caption service that is known to be associatedwith one of the Standard caption services.

The CEA-708 advanced captioning standard supports multiple simultaneouscaption services so that, for example, captioning in different languagescan be offered for the same program. CEA-708 defines a “minimum decoder”in Section 9. A minimum decoder is required to process the “Standard”service numbers 1 through 6. Processing “Extended” services 7 through 63is optional. Quoting from CEA-708, “Decoders shall be capable ofdecoding all Caption Channel Block Headers consisting of StandardService Headers, Extended Service Block Headers, and Null Blockheaders.”

One of the non-closed caption data transport methods described hereininvolves placing one or a combination of non-closed caption data such asservice usage reporting data in an “Adjunct Data” service. In thisapproach Standard Service Number 6 is recognized as the Adjunct Dataservice according to the preferred implementation. Service 6 maytherefore carry data that is used by the receiver to render captionServices 1 thorough 5, as well as Service 6.

A system could be designed where caption service 6 (or some otherStandard service number in the 1-6 range) could carry one or acombination of non-closed caption data. Within Standard Service #6, forexample, signaling can be present to associate a certain block ofnon-closed caption data with a particular one of the Standard services(1-6), when necessary. In real world situations it is rare for more thanone or two of the Standard service numbers (usually services 1, 2 andperhaps rarely 3) to be used. Hence, although seemingly awkward andinefficient, in real world applications, this turns out not to be thecase. However, there remains the theoretical issue of compatibility withall legacy receiver devices.

An additional aspect involves the method where the data structure usedto transport the non-closed caption data uses an extensibility featureof CEA-708 called the “variable-length” command as defined in CEA-708-D,which is incorporated by reference in its entirety, at Sec. 7.1.11.2.Such a method is not recognized to be suitable for use within thecontext of most Standard services because it is believed that asignificant population of legacy receivers exist that are not able tohandle this feature. Such receivers would likely display garbled captionoutput on-screen if they would encounter one of these Variable LengthCommands. However, if the service usage reporting data is delivered in aStandard Service #6 service block, this is not a problem unless a casearises in which all six Standard Services are in use simultaneously. Incurrent practice, it is rare that even two simultaneous caption servicesare used. Programs captioned in both English and Spanish are somewhatrare, but do occur. Programs captioned in more than two simultaneouslanguages are seldom if ever produced. Therefore, placing avariable-length command in Service #6 is not disruptive to current andmost contemplated caption services delivery.

It is believed that all existing receivers are able to properly skipservice blocks corresponding to service numbers they are not currentlydecoding. Furthermore, proper handling in the receiver of Standardcaption services 1-6 is required by FCC rules. If any legacy receiverattempts to decode non-closed caption such as service usage reportingdata (which should not normally occur, as caption services containingnon-closed caption data are not announced in the Caption ServiceDescriptor), if the receiver is built according to CEA-708-D, it willsimply disregard the contents of the command.

Thus, certain embodiments of the present disclosure also address, forexample:

1. The need for a delivery method for service usage reporting data thatis compatible with legacy devices (e.g., does not produce anomalousoutput when they are processing the caption data for a 2D version of thebroadcast).

2. Delivering service usage reporting data in an Extended Service (acaption service in the “extended” range 7-63) is a possibility, but maynot represent the safest solution for helping to assure legacycompatibility due to the extra byte in the service block.

3. Service usage reporting data in Standard Service #6 could possibly bedecoded by a legacy decoder (if the user were to select Service #6 in amenu). In this case, the legacy device, if built compliant to CEA-708-D,would decode correctly—it should simply discard the non-closed captiondata as an unsupported command.

To optimize compatibility with legacy decoders (while not being able toabsolutely guarantee that all legacy decoders would be able to properlydisregard the new command), the Variable Length Command as defined inCEA-708-D Sec. 7.1.11.2 is used. Such commands use the “C3” command (“C3Code Set—Extended Control Code Set 2”). If properly implemented, legacydecoders should skip variable length commands further assuring that theywill not take an unpredictable action.

Hence, in order to help assure that legacy decoders will not malfunctiondue to attempting to process service usage reporting data, StandardService #6 (in the example preferred implementation) is used totransport the service usage reporting data. To further prevent legacydecoders from attempting to render the services, variable- andfixed-length commands can be used to define the service usage reportingdata in any suitable manner. While some legacy decoders may not properlyimplement the “skip variable length extensions” feature as defined inCEA-708, viewers may not be given an option to choose Standard Service#6 anyway since it is an “unannounced” service. Unless all six StandardServices actually carry caption services (a situation that is currentlybelieved to be extremely rare if in existence at all), Service #6 willnot be announced in the Caption Service Descriptor (CSD) defined in ATSCA/65 Program and System Information Protocol (PSIP), which isincorporated by reference in its entirety.

The methods described herein overcome potential problems such as thosepresent with alternative delivery and transport methods. Certainembodiments of the present disclosure use a Standard service fortransport since using a Standard service for transport is likely to bethe safest possible way to ensure legacy compatibility.

In accordance with this approach, Standard service #6 (or anotherStandard service number n=any of services 1 through 6) is defined as theAdjunct Data service. Characteristics of the Adjunct Data serviceinclude:

1. Formatted as a Variable Length command (see CEA-708-D Section7.1.11.2 Variable Length Codes from 0x90 to 0x9F) or Fixed Lengthcommand so that properly designed receivers will discard the contents ofthe packets.

2. Not announced in the PSIP Caption Service Descriptor (thus properlydesigned receivers will not announce and offer the service containingAdjunct Data to the user).

3. Includes non-closed caption data such as service usage reporting datafor Standard Services #1 through #6.

Further, certain embodiments of the present disclosure overcome, forexample, the following potential problems:

1. All legacy receivers may not be designed to properly disregardExtended service packets. This is because the data structure for theCEA-708-D Service Block (see Table 9 in CEA-708-D) includes one extrabyte when the service_number field=‘111’ (decimal 7). Therefore use ofthe Extended services may be potentially be problematic. The presentsubject matter places Adjunct Data in Standard service packets. Alllegacy decoders should be able to handle the presence of Standardservice packets and are able to filter out packets corresponding toservices they are not set to decode (non-selected services).

2. Some legacy receivers may not use the PSIP Caption Service Descriptor(CSD) to create the user interface for selection of caption services. Inthis case, it could be possible for the user to select caption Service#6 (the Adjunct Data channel) and attempt to decode it. The proposedmethod uses a “variable-length” and/or “fixed-length” command whichwould be unknown to the receiver. Receivers are expected to discardunsupported commands, thus they should be able to skip the proper numberof bytes in order to discard the command. In this case, nothing would bedisplayed for Service #6.

Even in the case that something were to be displayed (garbage charactersor whatever), the user would decide this is not a good caption serviceand would choose a better one. Hence, no harm would be done.

The present disclosure contains references to CEA-708 and CEA-708-D.Disclosures referring to CEA-708, without the revision letter, relate tothe CEA-708 standard generally and not to details that are included, ornot included, by a particular revision of the standard. Further,disclosures referring to a particular version of the CEA-708 standard(e.g., CEA-708-D) are expected to apply to other revisions (e.g.,successor revisions) of the standard.

Those skilled in the art will recognize, upon consideration of the aboveteachings, that certain of the above exemplary embodiments are basedupon use of a programmed processor. However, embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited to such exemplary embodiments, since otherembodiments could be implemented using hardware component equivalentssuch as special purpose hardware and/or dedicated processors. Similarly,general purpose computers, microprocessor based computers,micro-controllers, optical computers, analog computers, dedicatedprocessors, application specific circuits and/or dedicated hard wiredlogic may be used to construct alternative equivalent embodiments.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate, upon consideration of theabove teachings, that the program operations and processes andassociated data used to implement certain of the embodiments describedabove can be implemented using disc storage as well as other forms ofstorage such as non-transitory storage devices including as for exampleRead Only Memory (ROM) devices, Random Access Memory (RAM) devices,network memory devices, optical storage elements, magnetic storageelements, magneto-optical storage elements, flash memory, core memoryand/or other equivalent volatile and non-volatile storage technologieswithout departing from certain embodiments of the present disclosure.The term non-transitory does not suggest that information cannot be lostby virtue of removal of power or other actions. Such alternative storagedevices should be considered equivalents.

Certain embodiments described herein, are or may be implemented using aprogrammed processor executing programming instructions that are broadlydescribed above in flow chart form that can be stored on any suitableelectronic or computer readable storage medium. However, those skilledin the art will appreciate, upon consideration of the presentdisclosure, that the processes described above can be implemented in anynumber of variations and in many suitable programming languages withoutdeparting from embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, theorder of certain operations carried out can often be varied, additionaloperations can be added or operations can be deleted without departingfrom certain embodiments of the disclosure. Error trapping can be addedand/or enhanced and variations can be made in operational flow, userinterface and information presentation without departing from certainembodiments of the present disclosure. Such variations are contemplatedand considered equivalent.

While certain illustrative embodiments have been described, it isevident that many alternatives, modifications, permutations andvariations will become apparent to those skilled in the art in light ofthe foregoing description.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A reception apparatus, comprising:circuitry configured to receive a broadcast stream including audio/videocontent and a uniform resource identifier (URI) from a broadcaster,determine that the URI is a location of a service-usage reporting serverassociated with the broadcaster to which service usage information is tobe sent based on a type indicator associated with the URI, when the typeindicator indicates the URI is the location of the service-usagereporting server to which the service usage information is to be sent,associate the URI with the service-usage reporting server, and providethe service usage information to the service-usage reporting serveraccording to the associated URI.
 2. The reception apparatus according toclaim 1, wherein the URI corresponds to a uniform resource locator (URL)of the service-usage reporting server.
 3. The reception apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein the circuitry includes a television tunerthat is configured to receive the broadcast stream from the broadcastervia a terrestrial broadcast.
 4. The reception apparatus according toclaim 1, wherein the broadcast stream includes a plurality of URIs thatindicate different service-usage reporting server locations to which theservice usage information is to be sent.
 5. The reception apparatusaccording to claim 4, wherein the circuitry is configured to providefirst service usage information for a first audio/video content to afirst service-usage reporting server associated with a first one of theplurality of URIs, and provide second service usage information for asecond audio/video content to a second service-usage reporting serverassociated with a second one of the plurality of URIs.
 6. The receptionapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the service usage informationincludes a content identifier.
 7. A method for providing service usageinformation, the method comprising: receiving, by circuitry of areception apparatus, a broadcast stream including audio/video contentand a uniform resource identifier (URI) from a broadcaster; determiningthat the URI is a location of a service-usage reporting serverassociated with the broadcaster to which service usage information is tobe sent based on a type indicator associated with the URI; when the typeindicator indicates the URI is the location of the service-usagereporting server to which the service usage information is to be sent,associating by the circuitry the URI with the service-usage reportingserver; and providing, by the circuitry, the service-usage informationto the service-usage reporting server according to the associated URI.8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the URI corresponds to auniform resource locator (URL) of the service-usage reporting server. 9.The method according to claim 7, wherein the receiving comprises:receiving, by a television tuner of the circuitry, the broadcast streamfrom the broadcaster via a terrestrial broadcast.
 10. The methodaccording to claim 7, wherein the broadcast stream includes a pluralityof URIs that indicate different service-usage reporting server locationsto which the service usage information is to be sent.
 11. The methodaccording to claim 10, wherein the circuitry is configured to providefirst service usage information for a first audio/video content to afirst service-usage reporting server associated with a first one of theplurality of URIs, and provide second service usage information for asecond audio/video content to a second service-usage reporting serverassociated with a second one of the plurality of URIs.
 12. The methodaccording to claim 7, wherein the service usage information includes acontent identifier.
 13. A non-transitory computer-readable mediumstoring instructions which when executed by a computer cause thecomputer to perform a method for providing service usage information,the method comprising: receiving a broadcast stream includingaudio/video content and a uniform resource identifier (URI) from abroadcaster; determining that the URI is a location of a service-usagereporting server associated with the broadcaster to which service usageinformation is to be sent based on a type indicator associated with theURI; when the type indicator indicates the URI is the location of theservice-usage reporting server to which the service usage information isto be sent, associating the URI with the service-usage reporting server;and providing the service-usage information to the service-usagereporting server according to the associated URI.
 14. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium according to claim 13, wherein the URIcorresponds to a uniform resource locator (URL) of the service-usagereporting server.
 15. The non-transitory computer-readable mediumaccording to claim 13, wherein the receiving comprises: receiving, by atelevision tuner of the circuitry, the broadcast stream from thebroadcaster via a terrestrial broadcast.
 16. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium according to claim 13, wherein the broadcaststream includes a plurality of URIs that indicate differentservice-usage reporting server locations to which the service usageinformation is to be sent.
 17. The non-transitory computer-readablemedium according to claim 16, wherein the circuitry is configured toprovide first service usage information for a first audio/video contentto a first service-usage reporting server associated with a first one ofthe plurality of URIs, and provide second service usage information fora second audio/video content to a service-usage reporting second serverassociated with a second one of the plurality of URIs.
 18. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 13, whereinthe service usage information includes a content identifier.
 19. Thereception apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the type indicator isan 8-bit unsigned integer.
 20. The reception apparatus according toclaim 1, wherein the broadcast stream includes one or a combination of atransport signal identifier (TSID), a major channel number, and a minorchannel number of the broadcaster.